Retinoblastoma is an aggressive eye cancer that affects infants and young children. Treatment usually entails heavy dosage chemotherapy and removal of the eye. Consequently, conversations and decision-making around these treatment options can be challenging for physicians and parents alike. This study aimed to explore: (1) experiences of physicians in developing trust regarding treatment-related discussions with parents, (2) experiences of trust for parents when communicating about the treatment with physicians, and (3) factors that aid in trust-building between physicians and parents.
Physicians (n=6; male=2, female=4; mean age= 40 years) treating children for retinoblastoma and parents (n=15; male=8, female=7; mean age=32 years) were recruited to participate in three distinct focus group discussions: one with physicians, conducted online and two with parents conducted at the treating hospital.
The FGD questions centered on both the groups’ experiences and views on trust during retinoblastoma treatment decision-making. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the transcripts and identify patterns across data from all three groups.
We developed three overarching themes across both groups: (1) language barriers and cultural taboos pose significant challenges to building trust during treatment-related discussions, (2) reputable and approachable physicians, transparent in their communication elicit greater trust, and (3) physicians valuing the parents’ insights and encouraging their participation was pivotal in trust-building and parents trusted their physicians when they were listened to and reassured and were given specific and accurate information.
Findings indicate a need to develop multilingual information aids to address language barriers in retinoblastoma treatment communication. It may be beneficial to design treatment-specific communication skills training for physicians which focus on transparency, reassurance, and provision of information in an empathic and accurate manner. In addition, communication aids (e.g., decision aids) may be one way to help increase parent participation in treatment discussions.