Imlunestrant is a next-generation, brain-penetrant, oral SERD. The EMBER-3 trial reported significant PFS improvement with imlunestrant over standard therapy (SOC; fulvestrant or exemestane) in patients with ESR1-mutations (m), and with imlunestrant+abemaciclib over imlunestrant in all patients, regardless of ESR1m. There remains a need for effective and tolerable treatments available to a broad unselected population, after disease progression on CDK4/6i. Abemaciclib+fulvestrant has shown benefit over fulvestrant in this context (postMONARCH trial). Here we present a subgroup analysis of imlunestrant+abemaciclib vs imlunestrant in patients with disease progression on CDK4/6i.
874 patients with ER+, HER2- ABC and progression on/after aromatase inhibitor ± CDK4/6i were randomized 1:1:1 to imlunestrant, SOC or imlunestrant+abemaciclib. Randomization was stratified by prior CDK4/6i treatment, presence of visceral metastases, and region. Subgroup analyses of PFS by clinico-genomic factors were performed for imlunestrant+abemaciclib vs imlunestrant in patients with prior CDK4/6i treatment.
Of 874 total patients, 426 were concurrently randomized to imlunestrant+abemaciclib or imlunestrant (n=213 each); the majority (n= 279, 65%) had received prior CDK4/6i. Among CDK4/6i-pretreated patients baseline characteristics were generally balanced; 56% had visceral metastases, 37% had ESR1m and 40% had PI3K-pathway mutations. Most patients (70%) had received prior CDK4/6i for ≥12 months. PFS benefit of imlunestrant+abemaciclib over imlunestrant (HR=0.51 [95%CI:0.38-0.68]; mPFS 9.1vs3.7 months) showed broadly consistent effect across key clinico-genomic subgroups: ESR1m (HR=0.44 [95%CI:0.28-0.70]; PI3K-pathway mutation (HR=0.52 [95%CI:0.34-0.79); Concurrent ESR1m/PI3K-pathway mutation (HR=0.32 [95%CI:0.16-0.63). Benefit was observed regardless of prior CDK4/6i duration or type, though analyses of prior abema patients were limited by a small sample size.
In patients with ER+, HER2- ABC who have progressed on prior CDK4/6i, imlunestrant+abemaciclib showed a consistent benefit over imlunestrant, regardless of clinico-genomic factors. EMBER-3 is the 1st phase 3 trial to show benefit of an oral SERD+CDK4/6i after disease progression on prior CDK4/6i.