Objectives/purpose
Patients with breast cancer undergoing endocrine therapy have the highest frequency of insomnia among all cancers. Lemborexant (LEM), a dual-orexin-receptor-antagonist, is approved for the treatment of adults with insomnia. Although LEM has been used in clinical practice for patients with insomnia, including cancer patients, no prospective study has evaluated LEM in patients with breast cancer and insomnia.
Sample and setting
This multicentre, prospective, observational study evaluated the efficacy of LEM in patients with breast cancer and insomnia. Two cohorts were evaluated: early breast cancer cohort (eBC) and advanced/metastatic breast cancer cohort (mBC). Enrolled patients met DSM-5 criteria for insomnia disorder, had a baseline Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) score ≥10 points and were receiving or scheduled to receive endocrine therapy.
Procedures
LEM starting dose was 5mg and could be titrated up (10mg) and down based on clinical practice. The follow-up period was 3 months. The primary endpoint was mean change in ISI score from baseline to 1 month in eBC (predefined ISI threshold was −6.0 points). Secondary endpoints included changes in Cancer Fatigue Scale, EORTC QLQ C30 and Patient Health Questionnaire-9.
Results
From September 2022–July 2024, 59 subjects were enrolled (eBC: n=49; mBC: n=10). In eBC, the median age was 49 years (range, 34–78). Baseline mean ISI total score was 14.35. Mean change in ISI score from baseline to 1 month was −5.08 (P=0.937), showing modest improvement that did not reach the predefined threshold. One case of grade 3 liver dysfunction was reported. All other AEs were mild to moderate and consistent with previous reports. Subgroup analysis by patient background and QoL data will be presented.
Conclusion and clinical implications
This is the first prospective study to evaluate the efficacy of LEM for insomnia comorbid with breast cancer. LEM showed modest improvement in ISI score at 1 month.