Objectives/Purpose
Therapist-guided digital psychological interventions have consistently demonstrated greater engagement and efficacy than non-guided interventions. However, little is known about the specific mechanisms by which guidance contributes to these outcomes - particularly with regard to promoting participant adherence and engagement. This secondary analysis of data from a RCT of therapist-guided (TG)-iConquerFear - a digital fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) intervention - examines therapist-participant interactions to elucidate the therapist’s role in facilitating these outcomes.
Sample and Setting
Colorectal cancer survivors with severe FCR were enrolled in the intervention. Three therapists provided asynchronous written support. Data comprised messages exchanged between therapists and participants via the program’s messaging system and a focus group and individual interview with therapists providing the guidance to support the coding scheme. Therapists could access participants’ activity logs, diary entries, and performance data, which informed their feedback. Each therapist was responsible for multiple participants.
Procedures
The study employed a phenomenological-hermeneutic approach using an iterative, data-driven analysis combining both inductive and deductive strategies. Written communication from 44 participants was coded using a deductive coding scheme based on the themes from the messages from the participants and the interviews. The interviews were conducted based on initial coding of a limited number of therapist-participant conversations. Throughout the analysis, the coding scheme was continuously refined through an inductive approach to the data.
Results
The analysis unfolded three key themes in the dialogue: “trust building,” “facilitating meaning”, and “execution and implementation.” Common mechanisms included: “praise”, “unity”, and “encouragement,” highlighting the supportance and therapeutic alliance of the therapist guidance.
Conclusion and Clinical Implications
Therapists’ guidance fosters trust, a sense of shared purpose, and self-efficacy - factors instrumental in maintaining adherence and engagement in digital interventions by empowering the participant. The findings highlight the critical role of therapists in enhancing intervention engagement and efficacy.