Background/Context:
As a life-threatening medical condition, a cancer diagnosis often leads to significant emotional distress akin to a trauma response. Despite psychosocial support models, BCNA’s 2023 national consumer survey (n= 2,512) found over half of respondents (52%) continued to experience distress post-diagnosis. Most healthcare professionals (HCPs) (60%, n= 168) reported patients have unmet emotional support needs. For people living with metastatic disease, these gaps are exacerbated by a life-limiting prognosis. Research exploring shame and breast cancer1 further highlights need for consumer and HCP education and support.
Trauma-informed care (TIC) models offer an approach that recognises cancer as both an emotional and physical trauma.
Methods:
A literature review was conducted to identify TIC practices in cancer care and factors supporting adaptation from mental health contexts. Breast cancer consumers were engaged about the application of TIC principles to person-centred care models.
Impact on practice:
A TIC approach directly applies to cancer diagnoses: an unexpected harmful event; long-lasting adverse effects on physical, social, emotional and/or spiritual wellbeing; fear, vulnerability and helplessness; and physical symptoms such as fatigue.
While TIC is extensively used in mental health and social services, its application in oncology is limited, especially in Australia. Upskilling the cancer workforce can build capacity to proactively address psycho-social needs of consumers and carers to facilitate adjustments to a ‘new normal’. It can also reduce harm caused by clinical interactions during cancer care experiences.
TIC approaches can be integrated with other complex or chronic healthcare need assessments and support for consumers.
Discussion:
Traditional cancer care models largely remain unchanged despite well-documented and continuing emotional support gaps. Incorporating TIC approaches shifts emotional support from a reactive response towards preventative or early intervention, consistent with stepped-care models. Australian Cancer Nursing and Navigation Program (ACNNP) delivery partners could expand capacity across community, nursing, and allied health services.